¿Uyazi ukuthi buyini ubuchwepheshe be-5G nezici zabo?? Ziseningi izinkampani zezingcingo ezingakaqedi ukwenza igxathu 4G. Futhi sesivele sinakho ekuhlolweni, amanethiwekhi 5G, ezethulwa njengobuchwepheshe obusha beselula, obuzosivumela ukuthi sithathe isinyathelo esibalulekile ekufakeni idijithali inani elikhulu lezinsizakalo.
Ukushayela ngokuzenzakalelayo izimoto, izinsiza zezivakashi ezinokwethenjelwa kweqiniso nokunye okuningi okuthuthukile kuzoba izihluthulelo zekusasa elisondelayo ngokusondelana. Ake sibone ukuthi iyini inethiwekhi ye-5G, izici, izinzuzo kanye nentuthuko ezoyiletha empilweni yakho kanye neyeyakho. Iselula ye-5G Android
?♂️ Buyini ubuchwepheshe be-5G, inethiwekhi, isivinini, izici nedethi yokufika
Isizukulwane sesihlanu, ushintsho lomthelela, ikakhulukazi ezinkampanini
Ukuvela kwe-5G kuzovumela ukufika kwenani lobuchwepheshe obusha okuthi, ngokuxhumeka kwamanje, kube yinto engacabangeki. Futhi lokhu, njenganoma yikuphi ukweqa okukhulu kwezobuchwepheshe, kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu ezimpilweni zezigidi zabasebenzisi emhlabeni jikelele.
Kodwa kubani uguquko oluzobaluleka ngempela, luzoba lwezinkampani. Eqinisweni, ukufika kwalobu buchwepheshe be-5G kungamela ukukhula okukhulu, hhayi kuphela ezinkampanini ezisendaweni ye-inthanethi, kodwa nakwezinye izindawo ezifana nezimoto noma ezokuvakasha.
Uma sekukhulunywa ngomthelela ongase ube nawo, kuke kwakhulunywa ngezimoto ezizishayelayo, ngamaqiniso angeqisi noma yikuphi lapho siya khona. Futhi inani elihle lentuthuko, namuhla elingazwakala lifana nenganekwane yesayensi. Kodwa ngeke nje zigcwaliseke, kodwa sezizofika. Nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi e-US nakwamanye amazwe ase-Asia, izosabalala ngaphambi kweSpain neLatin America.
Kodwa iyini ngempela inethiwekhi ye-5G?
Ubuchwepheshe be-5G buyizinga elisha le-broadband elingenantambo lokudlulisa idatha, okuzothi eminyakeni embalwa lithathe indawo ye-4G ngokuphelele. Umbono wukuthi leli zinga elisha lisivumela ukuthi sifinyelele isivinini sokuxhuma esiphakeme, ukukhava okukhudlwana nezinzuzo ezengeziwe, ngaphezu kwezinga lamanje.
Ukuze sazi ukuthi iyini inethiwekhi ye-5G, kufanele sazi ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe bubonakala ngokucaciswa okuyinhloko kwe-8:
- Ukubambezeleka kwe-millisecond engu-1.
- Ukutholakala kwe-99.99%
- 100% ukufakwa kwesignali
- Izinga ledatha lifinyelela ku-10Gbps -> izikhathi ezingu-10 kuya kweziyi-100 ezinamandla kunamanethiwekhi e-4G kanye ne-4.5G
- I-Broadband yesivinini esiphindwe ka-1000 ngaphezulu kwendawo ngayinye
- Ikhephu yemishini eyengeziwe eyi-100, exhunywe endaweni ngayinye (uma siyiqhathanisa namanethiwekhi amanje e-4G LTE)
– 90% ukwehla kokusetshenziswa kwamandla enyama yenkomo
- Impilo yebhethri kumadivayisi we-IoT (i-inthanethi Yezinto) enamandla aphansi, kuze kufike eminyakeni eyi-10
Amanethiwekhi eselula esizukulwane sesi-5, singafinyelela ngasiphi isivinini?
Ukuxhumana kwe isizukulwane sesihlanu, ithi ishesha kufika izikhathi eziyi-100 kunamanethiwekhi amanje e-4G. Ezindlini zokucwaninga, ukukhula okufika izikhathi ezingu-250 kuye kwabonakala, nakuba iqiniso liwukuthi mancane amathuba okuba sike sikubone emgwaqeni. ngabe sikhuluma ngayo amanethiwekhi weselula ngesilinganiso esingu-20Gb ngomzuzwana, okungasivumela, isibonelo, ukulanda amamuvi ngokuchazwa okuphezulu, emizuzwaneni embalwa nje.
Mayelana nesivinini sokudlulisa idatha, ubuchwepheshe obusha besizukulwane sesihlanu buzokwenza kube lula ukwandisa isivinini, kuze kube yilapho uthola iziqongo ezivela ku-1 kuya ku-10 Gigs ngomzuzwana. Lokhu kungaphezu kokuphindwe kathathu isivinini samanje se-fiber optics ezindlini nasemabhizinisini.
Futhi, yehlisa ukubambezeleka, uze ufinyelele ubuncane obuphakathi kwama-millisecond angu-1 nama-5. Ngalokhu okungenhla nokuba nomthamo omkhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi uxhumeke izikhathi ezifika kweziyi-100, isivinini se-5G sizoba ukweqa kwekhwalithi nokwamanani.
Ukuncipha kwe-latency, ukhiye kubuchwepheshe be-5G
Ukucabangela lokhu okungenhla, ukuthuthukiswa okuyinhloko kwesizukulwane sesihlanu samanethiwekhi eselula akukhona ukwanda kwejubane, kodwa ukwehla kwe-latency. Ukubambezeleka yisikhathi esidlulayo, kusukela lapho sikhipha umyalo, kuze kube yilapho umyalo oshiwo ugcwaliseka.
Ngenkathi siku-4G, lesi sikhathi kuvamise ukuba ama-millisecond angu-10, kubuchwepheshe obusha bokudlulisa idatha yeselula, kungaba kuphela 1 millisecond. Ngakho-ke, ubuchwepheshe obudinga impendulo esheshayo, njengokushayela ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngeke kusaba i-utopia.
Ngakho-ke zizoba ibhuloho elidingekayo ukuze izimoto ezizimele zifinyelele emigwaqweni yethu futhi zingafaki ingozi, ngenxa yokubambezeleka okuphansi kwamanethiwekhi amanje.
I-inthanethi yezinto, iseduze kunangaphambili
Ithini inethiwekhi ye-5G futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke izoletha ini. Yebo, mayelana nokunciphisa i-latency, kuzokwenza i-intanethi yezinto, okungukuthi, ukuthi izinto zikagesi esinazo ekhaya, zixhunywe kunethiwekhi, zibe yinto engokwemvelo futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngokushesha. Kuze kube manje, isikhathi sokuphendula esidingekayo asenzanga mqondo omkhulu ukuthi wonke amadivayisi ethu axhumeke.
Kodwa okwamanje, lapho noma yikuphi ukuhleleka kwenziwa cishe ngaso leso sikhathi, ukuvinjelwa kuvulwa ukukhiqiza amadivaysi amaningi enethiwekhi. Ngakho-ke, amadivaysi amaningi amaningi kulindeleke ukuthi afike, futhi ahlale exhumekile, eminyakeni ezayo.
Amaselula e-5G
Sikhuluma kakhulu ngobuchwepheshe obuzothuthuka, lapho kufakwa isizukulwane esisha. Kodwa kuthiwani nge 5G amaselula? Okwamanje futhi kuze kube manje, kusobala ukuthi ayikho iselula ye-5G emakethe. Kepha ikusasa seliseduze futhi yebo, kukhona abakhiqizi abazokwethula amaselula e-5G kulo nyaka ka-2018.
Iselula eyi-5G ingaba yi-ZTE Gigabit Phone, okuzoba yi-smartphone yokuqala ezokwazi ukufinyelela isivinini sokudluliswa kwedatha esingu-1Gbps. Sikhuluma izikhathi ezingu-9 isivinini esimaphakathi se-LTE yamanje. Lokhu kuzungeze i-150Mbps, eyaziwa kangcono ngokuthi ubuchwepheshe besigaba 4 LTE.
I-ZTE Gigabit Phone yethulwe ngesikhathi senkomfa ye-ZTE, eyenzeka ku-Mobile World Congress e-Barcelona 2017. Asizange siyibone kunoma yisiphi isitolo, akunjalo?
IHuawei ingenye yezinkampani zamaselula ezifuna ukuba ngamavulandlela ekwethuleni iselula ye-5G. Kuzoba unyaka ka-2019, ikakhulukazi, engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka. Inomqondo wayo, ngoba kungani kwethulwa iselula ye-5G, ngaphandle kwengqalasizinda engakwazi ukusizakala ngayo.
Ngabe izimoto ezizimele zizofika ekugcineni?
Uma sishayela, kufanele sibe nazo zonke izinzwa ezi-5 emgwaqeni, ngoba impendulo ngokuvamile iyadingeka endabeni yeshumi lomzuzwana. Futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ngenxa yokungakwazi ukunikeza impendulo esheshayo, kwakunzima kuze kube manje ukudala imoto enokushayela okuzimele eyayisebenza kahle futhi ngokushesha.
Kodwa-ke, ukuncishiswa kwe-latency kubuchwepheshe be-5G kwenza lokhu kube nokwenzeka ukuthi kuthengeke kakhulu. Inketho yokumisa ukushayela njengakuqala isekude, kodwa kuyisinyathelo esisodwa sokusondela.
Imaphi amazwe ezofika kuqala i-5G?
Njengenjwayelo, i-United States kanye nemidondoshiya yase-Asia. Lawa amazwe enze ucwaningo oluningi kumanethiwekhi eselula ngobuchwepheshe be-5G. Futhi labo abayoba a ukufinyelela kokuqala kuleli zinga elisha.
Ngakho-ke, opharetha baseKorea i-KT Telecom ihlela ukwethula isipho sokuqala esibonisa i-5G emphakathini jikelele kulo nyaka. Izoba ngama-Winter Olympics. Lezi zizobanjwa ngo-2018, edolobheni laseKorea iPyeongchang. Umcimbi omuhle kakhulu wokukhombisa intuthuko enkulu kwezobuchwepheshe.
Kukhona futhi abathwali abambalwa base-US, abahlela ukuqala ukuhlolwa ekupheleni kuka-2018. Sekukonke, ngo-2019, kulindeleke ukuthi kube ngaphezu kwe-1.000 billion ye-5G yokuxhumana emhlabeni jikelele. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ingxenye yesithathu yazo izovela emakethe yase-US, kanti uma sengeza abaseNyakatho Melika kumaShayina namaJapane, iphesenti lizodlula i-55%.
I-5G eSpain nini?
España, njengawo wonke amazwe e-European Union, ayikho emthethweni phakathi kwamazwe ahamba phambili, mayelana nocwaningo mayelana nokuqaliswa kwe-5G. Futhi wukuthi amazwe angu-28 angamalungu enyunyana kumele aqedele ukwenza isivumelwano ukuze abone ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe buzofakwa kanjani kancane kancane.
Kulindeleke ukuthi phakathi kuka-2018 no-2019 konke kuzocaciswa ngokuphelele, futhi opharetha bangaqala ukusinikeza lolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe, oluhlose ukwenza ukuphila kwethu kube lula kakhulu.
I-Telefónica kanye namadolobha ayo ezobuchwepheshe be-5G iphrojekthi yaseSpain
Kodwa-ke, kuzoba namadolobha athile azoba nesipiliyoni sangaphambilini sokuhlola, ukuhlola lolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe, ngaphambi kokuba afinyelele kuwo wonke amadolobha namadolobhana.
I-Telefónica isivele isebenza kuphrojekthi ye-5G Spain Technological Cities, ezoba ngeyokuqala ukuthunyelwa kwe-5G isizukulwane esisha kuleli.
Izokwenzeka e-Segovia nase-Talavera de la Reina (e-Toledo), ngokubamba iqhaza kwezinkampani zezingcingo zamazwe ngamazwe ezibalulekile njengoNokia no-Ericsson. I-Telefónica ihlanganisa, kulab' ozakwethu bezobuchwepheshe, i-Nokia e-Segovia kanye ne-Ericsson, e-Talavera de la Reina.
Le nkampani, kuphrojekthi yayo yokuthunyelwa kwenethiwekhi ye-5G yaseSpain, izoguqula lawa madolobha ama-2 abe "ilabhorethri yangempela" ngesikhathi sephrojekthi, iminyaka emithathu (2018-2020).
Ngeziphakamiso ezintsha, njengokuthi "ukuthunyelwa kwamanethiwekhi amasha e-5G, amandla okuqala esizukulwane seselula se-5Gen, ekuthuthukisweni kwamanye amacala okusetshenziswa okungokoqobo, okuzokwenza abasebenzisi nezinkampani zisebenzise kangcono izinzuzo zalobu buchwepheshe be-5G. ”, ngokusho kwemithombo esondelene ne-Telefónica.
Ngokuvamile, abathuthukisi balobu buchwepheshe be-5G baye baqinisekisa ukuthi ngo-2020 wonke amazwe azoba nedolobha okungenani elilodwa elinokufinyelela kunethiwekhi yeselula ye-5G. Ngale ndlela, nakuba ukufinyelela kwawo wonke umuntu kusekude, sizoqala ukuba nesipiliyoni sokuqala maduze nje.
Kwamanye amazwe aseLatin America, isibonelo, iqiniso liwukuthi kunedatha encane kakhulu futhi cishe akukho semthethweni.
Azoba yini amabhendi azosebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-5G eSpain?
Futhi, ukuze siqonde kangcono ukuthi iyini inethiwekhi ye-5G, kufanele sazi ukuthi amanethiwekhi eselula asebenzisa amabhendi anikezwe uMnyango Wezamandla, Ezokuvakasha kanye ne-Digital Agenda, azoba ngu-700 MHz, 1,5 GHz, 3,6 GHz kanye no-26 GHz. amabhendi aqondile we-5G eSpain. Lokhu kuzobaluleka uma uthenga iselula ye-5G. Ngokuhlola amabhendi esizukulwane sesihlanu owasebenzisayo, sizokwazi ukuthi ayahambisana yini ezweni lethu.
700 MHz: Isivinini esincane esiqinisekisiwe sizoba ngu-100 Mbps. Ngokuxhuma okuzinzile nokuthembekile, ngenxa yobubanzi bayo obukhulu kumabanga amade nasezindaweni lapho kunezindonga eziningi.
1,5 GHz no-3,6 GHz: ukufakwa okuyinhloko okunikezelwe ezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Ngenxa yokusebenzisa ama-Smart-cells, azohlinzeka ngesivinini phakathi kuka-1 no-3 Gbps. Yizona ezikhonjiswe kakhulu, ukuze kuthuthukiswe emadolobheni ahlakaniphile naxhunyiwe, ngokufika kwemishini emisha. Ukuthi izimoto ezizimele futhi ezixhunyiwe.
I-26 GHz: Ihlanganisa indawo engaphansi futhi idalwe ngokuyinhloko ngokusekelwe ezindaweni zokufinyelela. Inezivinini ezingafika ku-10 Gbps. Izosetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho kuthutheleka khona abantu abaningi, njengezikhumulo zezindiza, iziteshi zezitimela. Futhi amafektri anamadivayisi ahlakaniphile, izinkundla zemidlalo kanye nezitolo ezinkulu.
Ukufika kwe-5G kuzoba namuphi umthelela wezomnotho?
Yazi i- izici, kanye nomthelela wayo wezomnotho, kuzosisiza ukuthi siqonde kangcono ukuthi iyini inethiwekhi ye-5G. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi, e-European Union kuphela, ukuqaliswa kwe-5G kuzosho ukwakhiwa kwe Imisebenzi eyizigidi eziyi-2,3. E-US lesi sibalo singase seqe ngisho nemisebenzi eyizigidi ezi-3.
Kuzophinde kusho ukwanda kwengcebo, elinganiselwa ku-141.000 million euros.
Imiphi imikhakha ezohlomula kakhulu?
Kubonakala kungokwemvelo ukusho ukuthi umkhakha wezobuchwepheshe, njengomdlalo wevidiyo noma abathuthukisi bohlelo lokusebenza, uzozuza kakhulu ngokufika kwaleli zinga elisha le-5G. Futhi nakuba kuseyiqiniso, kukhona neminye imikhakha eminingi, ezohlomula kakhulu.
Ngakho, isibonelo, imboni yezimoto, ezokuvakasha, umkhakha wezempilo kanye nomkhakha wezokuphepha. Bazothola nezinzuzo eziningi ekufikeni kwalobu buchwepheshe obusha. Ngakho-ke, kuyoba ukugxuma okuhlaba umxhwele, okuzoshintsha izimpilo zethu ngezinga elikhulu.
Siyethemba ukuthi ngale ndatshana, uzokwazi ngqo ukuthi iyini inethiwekhi ye-5G yingakho sikubuza manje. Ingabe ucabanga ukuthi i-5G izoba nomthelela ezimpilweni zethu ngokufika kwejubane eliphezulu nokubambezeleka okuphansi?
Noma ucabanga ukuthi lezi zinguquko ezimenyezelwe kakhulu zingase zibe yize? Manje njengoba uyazi ukuthi iyini inethiwekhi isizukulwane sesihlanu, isivinini, izici kanye nosuku lokufika, sikumema ukuthi usitshele umbono wakho, esigabeni sokuphawula ngezansi kwekhasi.